Combined Gas Law Calculator

Calculate Gas Properties with Precision

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Final Pressure Calculator

Calculate final pressure using initial conditions and other final parameters.

Final Pressure: - atm

Final Volume Calculator

Calculate final volume using initial conditions and other final parameters.

Final Volume: - L

Final Temperature Calculator

Calculate final temperature using initial conditions and other final parameters.

Final Temperature: - K

Understanding the Combined Gas Law

What is the Combined Gas Law?

The Combined Gas Law combines Boyle's Law, Charles's Law, and Gay-Lussac's Law into a single expression relating pressure, volume, and temperature:

(P₁V₁)/T₁ = (P₂V₂)/T₂

This law shows how all three variables are related when the amount of gas remains constant.

Component Laws

The Combined Gas Law incorporates:

  • Boyle's Law (P₁V₁ = P₂V₂)
  • Charles's Law (V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂)
  • Gay-Lussac's Law (P₁/T₁ = P₂/T₂)

Applications

The Combined Gas Law is used in:

  • Weather forecasting
  • Engine design
  • Industrial processes
  • Gas storage systems
  • SCUBA diving calculations
  • Pneumatic systems

Important Considerations

When using the Combined Gas Law:

  • Temperature must be in Kelvin
  • Pressure units must be consistent
  • Volume units must be consistent
  • Amount of gas must remain constant
  • No phase changes should occur

Limitations and Real Gases

Deviations from ideal behavior occur due to:

  • Molecular interactions
  • Finite molecular volume
  • Very high pressures
  • Very low temperatures
  • Complex molecular structures

Essential Combined Gas Law Formulas

Basic Equation

(P₁V₁)/T₁ = (P₂V₂)/T₂

Final Pressure

P₂ = P₁(V₁/V₂)(T₂/T₁)

Final Volume

V₂ = V₁(P₁/P₂)(T₂/T₁)

Final Temperature

T₂ = T₁(P₂V₂)/(P₁V₁)