What is a Dipole Moment?
Key concepts of dipole moments:
- Measure of charge separation
- Vector quantity
- Determines molecular polarity
- Affects intermolecular forces
Calculate Molecular Polarity
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Calculate dipole moment from charge and distance.
Calculate net dipole moment from vector components.
Calculate bond dipole moment from electronegativity difference.
Key concepts of dipole moments:
Understanding vector nature:
Properties of bond dipoles:
Dipole moments are important for:
μ = q × d
Where q is charge and d is distance
μ = √(μx² + μy² + μz²)
Vector sum of components
μ ∝ ΔEN × d
Proportional to electronegativity difference