Enthalpy Change Calculator

Calculate Heat Changes in Chemical Reactions with Precision

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Reaction Enthalpy Calculator

Calculate enthalpy change using reactant and product enthalpies of formation.

Products

Reactants

ΔH°reaction: - kJ/mol

Specific Enthalpy Calculator

Calculate enthalpy change using mass, specific heat capacity, and temperature change.

ΔH: - kJ

Hess's Law Calculator

Calculate overall enthalpy change using multiple reaction steps.

Total ΔH: - kJ/mol

Understanding Enthalpy Change

What is Enthalpy Change?

Enthalpy change (ΔH) represents the heat absorbed or released during a chemical process at constant pressure. It's fundamental to understanding:

  • Heat of reaction (ΔHrxn)
  • Heat of formation (ΔHf)
  • Heat of combustion (ΔHc)
  • Heat of solution (ΔHsoln)

Sign Conventions

Understanding enthalpy signs:

  • Positive ΔH: Endothermic process
  • Negative ΔH: Exothermic process
  • Zero ΔH: No heat change
  • Standard conditions: 1 atm, 25°C

Hess's Law

Key principles of Hess's Law:

  • Total ΔH is path-independent
  • Can combine multiple steps
  • Reverse reaction: opposite sign
  • Multiply ΔH by stoichiometric coefficients

Applications

Enthalpy calculations are used in:

  • Chemical manufacturing
  • Food science
  • Fuel chemistry
  • Materials science
  • Biochemical processes

Advanced Concepts

Related thermodynamic concepts:

  • Bond enthalpies
  • Lattice energy
  • Phase transitions
  • Calorimetry
  • State functions

Essential Enthalpy Formulas

Reaction Enthalpy

ΔH°rxn = Σ(n × ΔH°f)products - Σ(n × ΔH°f)reactants

Specific Enthalpy

q = m × c × ΔT

Hess's Law

ΔH°total = ΣΔH°steps