Basic Principles
Key concepts include:
- Electron removal
- Atomic structure
- Energy quantization
- Periodic trends
- Electronic configuration
Precise Atomic Property Analysis
ChemistryCalculatorHub.info
Calculate first ionization energy using atomic properties.
Calculate successive ionization energies.
Convert between different energy units.
Key concepts include:
Classification:
Common uses:
Additional topics:
IE₁ = 1312(Z²eff/n²) kJ/mol
Zeff = Z - S
S = shielding constant
IEₙ ≈ IE₁(Z²/(Z-n+1)²)
ΔIE = IEₙ₊₁ - IEₙ
Energy gap trend
1 eV = 96.485 kJ/mol
1 kcal = 4.184 kJ
E = hν = hc/λ