Convert Empirical to Molecular Formula
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Use this calculator to find the molecular formula of a compound! If you know its empirical formula (the simplest ratio of atoms) and its molar mass (how much one mole weighs), this tool will tell you the exact number of atoms of each element in one molecule. It's like finding the full recipe when you only have the simplified ingredient list!
The molecular formula tells you the exact number of atoms of each element in a single molecule of a compound. It's like the complete recipe for a dish, showing every ingredient and its precise quantity. For example, the molecular formula for glucose is C₆H₁₂O₆, meaning each glucose molecule has 6 carbon atoms, 12 hydrogen atoms, and 6 oxygen atoms.
This formula is crucial for understanding a molecule's true composition and its properties.
The empirical formula shows the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms in a compound. It's like a simplified version of the recipe. For example, while glucose's molecular formula is C₆H₁₂O₆, its empirical formula is CH₂O. This is because you can divide all the subscripts (6, 12, 6) by 6 to get the simplest ratio (1, 2, 1).
Sometimes, the empirical formula and molecular formula are the same (e.g., for water, H₂O). Other times, the molecular formula is a multiple of the empirical formula.
To go from an empirical formula to a molecular formula, you need one more piece of information: the molar mass of the compound. Here's the simple idea:
This process helps chemists determine the true structure and composition of unknown substances.
Molecular Formula = (Empirical Formula)n
where n = Molar Mass / Empirical Formula Mass
Understanding and calculating empirical and molecular formulas is vital in many fields: