Osmotic Pressure Calculator

Calculate Osmotic Pressure with Precision

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Osmotic Pressure Calculator

Calculate osmotic pressure using concentration, temperature, and van't Hoff factor.

Osmotic Pressure: - atm

Concentration from Osmotic Pressure

Calculate solution concentration from osmotic pressure measurements.

Concentration: - M

Molecular Weight Calculator

Calculate molecular weight using osmotic pressure measurements.

Molecular Weight: - g/mol

Understanding Osmotic Pressure

What is Osmotic Pressure?

Osmotic pressure (π) is the minimum pressure needed to prevent the flow of solvent across a semipermeable membrane. It's a colligative property that depends on the number of dissolved particles.

π = MRT

Where:

  • π = Osmotic pressure
  • M = Molarity of solution
  • R = Gas constant
  • T = Temperature in Kelvin

Van't Hoff Factor

The van't Hoff factor (i) accounts for ionic dissociation:

  • i = 1 for non-electrolytes (glucose, sucrose)
  • i = 2 for NaCl (Na⁺ + Cl⁻)
  • i = 3 for CaCl₂ (Ca²⁺ + 2Cl⁻)
  • i = 4 for Al₂(SO₄)₃ (2Al³⁺ + 3SO₄²⁻)

Applications

Osmotic pressure is crucial in:

  • Cell biology and membrane transport
  • Reverse osmosis water purification
  • Pharmaceutical formulations
  • Food preservation
  • Molecular weight determination
  • Dialysis treatments

Biological Significance

Understanding osmotic pressure is vital for:

  • Cell membrane integrity
  • Water transport in plants
  • Blood pressure regulation
  • Kidney function
  • Cellular homeostasis

Essential Osmotic Pressure Formulas

Basic Osmotic Pressure

π = iMRT

Molecular Weight Determination

M = (gRT)/(VπM)

Concentration Calculation

M = π/(iRT)