Standard Addition Method Calculator

Calculate Unknown Concentrations with Matrix Effect Compensation

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Single-Point Standard Addition

Calculate unknown concentration using one standard addition.

Unknown concentration will appear here

Multiple-Point Standard Addition

Calculate unknown concentration using linear regression of multiple additions.

Regression results will appear here

Recovery Calculator

Calculate percent recovery to validate the method.

Recovery percentage will appear here

Understanding Standard Addition Method

What is Standard Addition?

The method of standard additions is used when:

  • Matrix effects are significant
  • Matrix-matched standards are unavailable
  • Sample preparation is complex
  • Internal standards are unsuitable

Advantages and Limitations

Key considerations:

  • Advantages:
    • Compensates for matrix effects
    • Improves accuracy
    • No matrix-matched standards needed
  • Limitations:
    • Time-consuming
    • Requires more sample
    • Limited dynamic range

Method Requirements

For accurate results:

  • Linear response over working range
  • Stable matrix effects
  • Accurate standard concentrations
  • Precise volume measurements
  • Minimal sample dilution

Quality Control

Validation parameters:

  • Recovery studies
  • Linearity check
  • Precision assessment
  • Method blanks
  • Detection limits

Essential Standard Addition Formulas

Single-Point Addition

Cx = (Cs × Vs × Sx) / (Ssp - Sx) / Vx

Where:

Cx = Unknown concentration

Cs = Standard concentration

Vs = Volume of standard

Vx = Volume of sample

Sx = Signal of sample

Ssp = Signal of spiked sample

Multiple-Point Addition

S = mC + b

Cx = -b/m

Where:

S = Signal

C = Added concentration

m = Slope

b = Intercept

Recovery Calculation

% Recovery = (Measured / Added) × 100%

Acceptable range: 80-120%